Fe/Males Equal Rights: A Systemic Functional Linguistics and Critical Discourse Analysis of Selected Yoruba Proverbs

Abstract

This study investigates the representation of gender roles and relations in Yoruba proverbs, using Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) and Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to analyze twenty selected proverbs. The study seeks to uncover the linguistic constructions of gender roles, the ideologies embedded in these proverbs, and how they reflect or challenge patriarchal values in Yoruba society. Findings reveal that the majority of the proverbs linguistically position men as dominant figures, while women are portrayed as passive or confined to domestic roles. These proverbs reflect a deeply rooted patriarchal ideology, reinforcing traditional gender norms and contributing to the marginalization of women in public and private spaces. However, a few proverbs acknowledge women’s capabilities, though often within limited and constrained contexts. The study concludes that while these proverbs generally reinforce gender inequality, there is potential to reinterpret some in ways that support contemporary gender equality movements. The implications of these findings highlight the need for cultural re-evaluation of gendered proverbs and their impact on the status of women in Yoruba society. Recommendations include encouraging gender-sensitive reinterpretation of proverbs and incorporating them into educational programs to promote more equitable gender relations.